Navi Mumbai (Marathi Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western and central India. It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra. There are 90 million fluent speakers worldwide. Marathi is the 4th most spoken language in India and the 15th most spoken language in the world. Marathi is the oldest of the regional literatures in: नवी मुंबई, IAST The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration is a popular transliteration scheme that allows a lossless romanization of Indic scripts: Navi Muṃbaī) is a city on the west coast of the Indian India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the state of Maharashtra Maharashtra (Marathi: महाराष्ट्र mahārāṣṭra, IPA [məharaːʂʈrə] ) is a state located in the western part of peninsular India.The word Maharashtra comes from the words Maha meaning Great and Rashtra meaning Nation, thus rendering the name Maharashtra (Great Nation). It is the second most populous and third largest. It was developed in 1972 as a twin A twin is one of two offspring produced in the same pregnancy city of Mumbai Mumbai (Marathi: मुंबई, Mumbaī, IPA: [ˈmʊm.bəi] ), formerly called Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the second most populous city in the world, with a population of approximately 14 million. Along with the neighbouring urban areas, including the cities of Navi, and is the largest planned city A new town is a specific type of a planned community, or planned city, that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed in a previously undeveloped area. This contrasts with settlements that evolve in a more ad hoc fashion. Land use conflicts are uncommon in new towns in the world, with a total area of 344 km² and 163 km² under the jurisdiction of the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC).[1] Navi Mumbai lies on the mainland on the eastern seaboard of Thane Creek. The city limits stretch from Airoli near Thane Thane (also called Thana) is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Conurbation, northeastern suburb of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. It is the administrative headquarters of Thane District. The city has an area of 147 km2. It had a population of 1.26 million according to the 2001 census in the north, to Uran Uran is part of the Navi Mumbai city township lying in the Raigarh district near Panvel and Karjat. It is situated east of Mumbai across the Dharamtar Creek, and is primarily a fishing village, which has developed into a special economy zone. It has ample industries, namely JNPT, P&O, GTI and other shipping companies, GTPS, MSEB (Asia's first in the south. The length of the city is almost the same as that of Mumbai. The Vashi and the Airoli Bridges connect Navi Mumbai to Mumbai. A new link between Nerul and Uran Uran is part of the Navi Mumbai city township lying in the Raigarh district near Panvel and Karjat. It is situated east of Mumbai across the Dharamtar Creek, and is primarily a fishing village, which has developed into a special economy zone. It has ample industries, namely JNPT, P&O, GTI and other shipping companies, GTPS, MSEB (Asia's first is under construction. The costliest and most developed areas of Navi Mumbai are Vashi and Nerul. As a result, Vashi is known as the king of Navi Mumbai while Nerul is considered as the queen of Navi Mumbai. Navi Mumbai has a population of 2,600,000 of which approximately 800,000 come from Nerul and about 700,000 from Vashi with the remainder from Belapur,Sanpada,Airoli,Ghansoli and Koparkhairne and surrounding areas.
Navi Mumbai is a part of the Mumbai Conurbation. NMMC is also rated amongst the richest corporations in Asia. Navi Mumbai is the only Indian city to be featured in the National Geographic Channel National Geographic Channel, also commercially abbreviated as Nat Geo, is a subscription television channel that airs non-fiction television programs produced by the National Geographic Society. Like History and the Discovery Channel, the channel features documentaries with factual content involving nature, science, culture, and history's Super Cities of the World.[2]
Contents |
History
Navi Mumbai is the world's largest planned city.[3][4] It was initially planned with a specific purpose: to decongest Mumbai and become an alternative haven for the multitudes that throng Mumbai from different parts of India. Today, Navi Mumbai is a close competitor to Mumbai in every respect.
Planned city
Seawoods Estate formerly known as NRI Complex in Nerul is the costliest location of Navi MumbaiThe first post-independence development plan for Bombay, formulated by the Mayer-Modak Committee in 1948, suggested satellite towns. Ten years later in March 1958, the Study Group on Greater Bombay was set up under the chairmanship of Mr. S.G. Barve. In February 1959, the committee suggested the formation of a township on the mainland across the Thane Creek to decongest Bombay. One of its major recommendations was that a railroad bridge be built across the Thane Creek to connect peninsular Bombay with the mainland. The bridge accelerated development across the Creek, relieving pressure on the city's railways and roadways, and attracted industrial and residential concentrations eastward to the mainland.
The Barve Group's recommendations were accepted by the Government of Maharashtra in July 1964. A new committee chaired by Prof. D.R. Gadgil, then Director of the Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, in March 1965, was asked to form broad principles of regional planning. The Gadgil Committee strongly recommended of a new town across the harbour.[5]
In March 1966, the Gadgil Committee recommended regional planning legislation and regional planning boards. In January 1967, the Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act 1966 was passed. July 1967 saw the constitution of Bombay Metropolitan and Regional Planning Board under the chairmanship of ICS officer L.G. Rajwade. The committee published the Draft Plan with recommendations to set up a new metro-centre or New Bombay (now called Navi Mumbai) across the creek. This proposal was accepted by the Bombay Municipal Corporation as a new twin city designed within the Bombay Metropolitan region to facilitate the decongestion of Mumbai.
CIDCO development
Palm Beach Road between Vashi and Belapur, Navi Mumbai. A major portion of the Palm Beach Road passes through Nerul. Utsav Chowk at Kharghar. Shivaji Chowk.| This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone or spelling. You can assist by editing it. (July 2008) |
The City and Industrial Development Corporation (CIDCO) was formed on 17 March 1971, under the Indian Companies Act, 1956.[citation needed] It was given the mandate of converting about 344 km². of marshy land lying between village Dighe in Thane district and Kalundre village of Raigad district into a new city. It consisted of 150 km creek line of the total 720 km of the Konkan coast. The villagers under this area lived a calm life much different from the life in the neighbouring city of Mumbai (then called Bombay). Privately owned land covering 86 villages and measuring 15,954 hectares The hectare is a unit of area, defined as 10,000 square metres, and primarily used in the measurement of land. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the are was defined as being 100 square metres and the hectare was thus 100 ares or 1/100 km2. When the metric system was rationalised in 1960 with the introduction of the International within the present limits of Navi Mumbai and further villages, measuring 2,870 hectares were acquired by the government of Maharashtra.
CIDCO carved out 14 nodes - small townships - of the land with a view to facilitate comprehensive development and to give it an identity as a new city. These nodes are named Airoli, Ghansoli, Kopar Khairane, Vashi, Sanpada, Nerul, CBD Belapur, Kharghar, Kalamboli, Kamothe, New Panvel, Ulwe, Pushpak and Dronagiri. CIDCO acquired 193.94 km² land of which 141.05 km² was private land, including about 22.92 km² salt-pan land and 52.89 km² government land. By the year 2000 CIDCO had developed about 117.60 km² of land. Of this land, 54.45 km² is saleable under various land uses. CIDCO has sold about 21.90 km² leaving a balance land for sale about 32.58 km² under various land uses.
CIDCO planned and constructed all the railway stations in Navi Mumbai and developed nearby areas commercially.
Vashi Bridge across Thane creek.In 1973 the Thane Creek Road Bridge, Vashi Bridge, was opened to the public for residents of Vashi, Belapur and Nerul.[citation needed] The Sion Panvel Expressway was built to reduce the time taken to travel from Sion to Panvel. Initially there was not much response to the new city. Major changes took place only after 1990, with the commissioning of the wholesale agricultural produce market at Vashi and the construction of a commuter railway line from Mankhurd to Vashi in May 1992. These developments caused a sudden growth in economic activities and population in Navi Mumbai.[citation needed]
Recent developments
By the end of the 1990s, the planning authority of Navi Mumbai initiated private participation in the developmental activity of Navi Mumbai.
Some of the old and more populated nodes are Vashi, Nerul and Belapur. Some of the more recent node developments include Kharghar, and New Panvel.
A 1.5 mile long Airoli Bridge A bridge is a structure built to span a valley, road, body of water, or other physical obstacle, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle. Designs of bridges vary depending on the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed, the material used to make it and the funds available to build it has been built over the Thane Creek between Airoli and Mulund - an eastern suburb of Mumbai city.
Administration
CIDCO
When Navi Mumbai was created in 1970s, CIDCO was the only authority that looked after the development and maintenance of the city. CIDCO prepared a developmental plan for Navi Mumbai covering 95 villages from Thane Thane (also called Thana) is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Conurbation, northeastern suburb of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. It is the administrative headquarters of Thane District. The city has an area of 147 km2. It had a population of 1.26 million according to the 2001 census and Raigad district. For the first ten years of the project CIDCO acted as the planning and administrative body, as well as the developer and builder for the project. Tax on property, land, commercial, water were payable to CIDCO. The 14 nodes which CIDCO created were named Airoli, Ghansoli, Kopar Khairane, Vashi, Sanpada, Nerul, CBD Belapur, Kharghar, Kalamboli, Kamothe, New Panvel, Ulwe, Pushpak and Dronagiri. Each of the nodes is divided into smaller groups called sectors. The names of the sectors are numbers. Initially only Vashi, Nerul, CBD Belapur, Airoli were developed by CIDCO with housing, schools, and community centre roads. But after the arrival of the Harbour Line extension in 1990s, there was an increase in population. CIDCO shifted its development plan to nodes like Kharghar, New Panvel, Airoli, Ghansoli, Kopar Khairane. In its new development plan, CIDCO land was allocated to builders for housing. CIDCO only provided basic infrastructure like roads, water, and electricity; these nodes were developed mostly by private builders according to the
NMMC
In 17 December 1991 1991 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar in the 20th century. It was the second year of the 1990s, and is usually considered the final year of the Cold War that had began in the late 1940s. During the year, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics collapsed into fifteen sovereign republics. A U.N.-authorized coalition Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC) was constituted by the State Government Maharashtra (Marathi: महाराष्ट्र mahārāṣṭra, IPA [məharaːʂʈrə] ) is a state located in the western part of peninsular India.The word Maharashtra comes from the words Maha meaning Great and Rashtra meaning Nation, thus rendering the name Maharashtra (Great Nation). It is the second most populous and third largest for maintaining some of the developed nodes of Navi Mumbai.
The local self-government started on 1 January 1992. NMMC was handed 9 of the 25 nodes of the Navi Mumbai project area for its jurisdiction. However, CIDCO, as a Planning Authority has a right on the open plots in these five nodes.[6]
The 9 nodes are Belapur, Nerul, Vashi, Turbhe, Koparkhairane, Ghansoli, Airoli, Digha, Dahisar on 1 January 1998 1998 was a common year that started on a Thursday. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the 1998th year of the Common Era, or of Anno Domini; the 998th year of the 2nd millennium; the 98th year of the 20th century; and the 9th of the 1990s with all ready physical and social infrastructure.[7]
The municipal corporation is headed by Municipal commissioner and an elected Mayor. There are 64 electoral wards in Navi Mumbai. A corporator is elected in each of the wards. All the nodes under municipal corporation come under Thane District.
The newly developed nodes of Navi Mumbai on the south side like Kharghar, Kamothe, Kalamboli, New Panvel and Panvel are still maintained by CIDCO and don't come under NMMC jurisdiction. These nodes i.e. nodes beyond Belapur (CBD) come under the Raigad District and fall under Panvel Municipal Council.
Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport Undertaking or NMMT Undertaking is the local transport service operated by the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation in the city of Navi Mumbai and adjoining areas of Dombivli, Badlapur, Uran Uran is part of the Navi Mumbai city township lying in the Raigarh district near Panvel and Karjat. It is situated east of Mumbai across the Dharamtar Creek, and is primarily a fishing village, which has developed into a special economy zone. It has ample industries, namely JNPT, P&O, GTI and other shipping companies, GTPS, MSEB (Asia's first, Panvel, Thane Thane (also called Thana) is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Conurbation, northeastern suburb of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. It is the administrative headquarters of Thane District. The city has an area of 147 km2. It had a population of 1.26 million according to the 2001 census, Kalyan and Mulund.
Politics
The city has one Member of Parliament seat , two Member of legislative seats and 89 Corporation seats.The Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation is ruled by Nationalist Congress Party The Nationalist Congress Party (Hindi: राष्ट्रवादी कॉँग्रेस पक्ष) is an Indian political party based primarily in the state of Maharashtra. NCP holds a major hand in politics here having 55 seats in the NMMC and also winning all the MP and MLA seats.The Shiv Sena-BJP holds second largest position in the corporation with a combine seats of 17 seats. Indian National Congress The Indian National Congress (also known as the Congress, and abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. Founded in 1885 by Allan Octavian Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji, Dinshaw Wacha, Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee, Surendranath Banerjee, Monomohun Ghose, Mahadev Govind Ranade and William Wedderburn, the Indian National Congress became the leader has 13 seats in the corporation. Other parties like the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena boasts very little presence here having no seats in the corporation.Also parties like Samajwadi Party, Bahujan Samaj Party The Bahujan Samaj Party is a national political party in India with socialist leanings. It was formed to chiefly represent Bahujans, literally meaning "People in majority" i.e. OBC, Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 (Buddhists, Minorities & SC, ST). The party claims to be inspired by the, Republican Party of India (Athvale) , Janata Dal (Secular) and many other parties contest elections here but have almost no power. Organisations like Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Bajrang Dal are also present here but are not active in politics. Some of the major politicians from Navi Mumbai are Excise Minister Ganesh Naik , MP Sanjeev Naik, MLA Sandeep Naik , BJP Leader Suresh Haware and Shiv Sena Chief Vijay Chougule.
Physical characteristics
A view of Belapur CreekNavi Mumbai spreads over parts of two districts of Maharashtra Maharashtra (Marathi: महाराष्ट्र mahārāṣṭra, IPA [məharaːʂʈrə] ) is a state located in the western part of peninsular India.The word Maharashtra comes from the words Maha meaning Great and Rashtra meaning Nation, thus rendering the name Maharashtra (Great Nation). It is the second most populous and third largest; Thane Thane (also called Thana) is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Conurbation, northeastern suburb of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. It is the administrative headquarters of Thane District. The city has an area of 147 km2. It had a population of 1.26 million according to the 2001 census, and Raigad. The region is hilly in some parts, and certain areas of the region are protected wetlands A wetland is an area of land which soil is saturated with moisture either permanently or seasonally. Such areas may also be covered partially or completely by shallow pools of water. Wetlands include swamps, marshes, and bogs, among others. The water found in wetlands can be saltwater, freshwater, or brackish. The world's largest wetland is the. Unlike its bigger neighbour, the city is sparsely populated.
Navi Mumbai is a part of South Konkan coast line. This coastal line joins Sahyadri mountain ranges to the south and 50 to 100m high hills to the east. Thus the Navi Mumbai area lies between mountain ranges and a coast line.
Its coordinates are between Latitude 19.5’ and 19.15’, Longitude 72.55’ and 73.5’
Geography and Geology
Along the east, there are small hills running in a North-South direction. This land forms part of the Konkan Region The Konkan , also called the Konkan Coast or Karavali, is a rugged section of the western coastline of India from Raigad to Mangalore. The sapta-Konkan is a slightly larger region described in the Skanda-purana. The narrow belt of land starts at Dighe in the North and ends at Kalundre in the South. It is 25.6 km² in area, 20 km long and about 2 km wide.
To part of Western Konkan coast is a narrow coastal strip along the western part of Sahyadris. It is bound on the East side by hillocks of 50 to 200 m height and on the west side by Thane creek.
The rock formations in the region are derived mainly from Deccan Basalt and also from granites Granite is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granites usually have a medium to coarse grained texture. Occasionally some individual crystals (phenocrysts) are larger than the groundmass in which case the texture is known as porphyritic. A granitic rock with a porphyritic texture is sometimes known as a porphyry, gneiss Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks and laterite Laterite is a surface formation in hot and wet tropical areas which is rich in iron and aluminium and develops by intensive and long lasting weathering of the underlying parent rock. Nearly all kinds of rocks can be deeply decomposed by the action of high rainfall and elevated temperatures. The percolating rain water causes dissolution of primary. The gently sloping coastal low lands are observed in patches and are covered with moderately shallow to deep soils, mostly lateritic in nature, sometimes oxidised to yellow marrum.
The soils of this region are high in saline in the vicinity of creeks with lower saline at other places. They are calcareous Calcareous is an adjective meaning mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate, in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines, neutral to alkaline in reaction (pH 7.5 to 8.5), often contain clay, with a high amount of bases and high water holding capacity (200–250 mm/m). The soils located on moderately sloping residual hills are lateritic in nature and show intensively leached surfaces. They are loamy and slight to moderately acidic (pH 5-6.5) with moderate base status (< 75%).
Land use
The land was used to produce rice A paddy field is a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semiaquatic crops. Rice can also be grown in dry-fields, but from the twentieth century paddy field agriculture became the dominant form of growing rice. Paddy fields are a typical feature of rice-growing countries of east, south and southeast Asia, including Cambodia, during the rainy season. Some mango Mango is a fruit indigenous to the Indian subcontinent, that belongs to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae, of which Mangifera indica, or the common mango, is commonly cultivated and used for food. The mango is cultivated in many tropical and subtropical and coconut The coconut is an important member of the family Arecaceae (palm family). It is the only accepted species in the genus Cocos, and is a large palm, growing up to 30 m tall, with pinnate leaves 4–6 m long, and pinnae 60–90 cm long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. The term coconut can refer to the entire coconut palm, the orchards An orchard is an intentional planting of trees or shrubs maintained for food production. Orchards comprise fruit or nut-producing trees grown for commercial production. Orchards are also sometimes a feature of large gardens, where they serve an aesthetic as well as a productive purpose. A fruit garden is generally synonymous with an orchard, and limited vegetable cultivation was also practised by locals. Those with good irrigation facilities would choose to cultivate legumes like Tur and beans Bean is a common name for large plant seeds of several genera of the family Fabaceae used for human food or animal feed. With urbanisation, however, all agricultural Agriculture is the production of food and goods through farming. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of human civilization, with the husbandry of domesticated animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more densely populated and stratified societies. The study of agriculture is known as activities in Navi Mumbai have almost ceased to exist, except in the easternmost part.
Fish, crabs and prawns were common products from the creek, though the quantities of each were not significant. Surplus from domestic consumption was sold in Thane Thane (also called Thana) is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Conurbation, northeastern suburb of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. It is the administrative headquarters of Thane District. The city has an area of 147 km2. It had a population of 1.26 million according to the 2001 census and Belapur markets. With the advent of industries in the region, and with consequent deterioration of water quality, these markets were lost.
Climate
| Climate data for Navi Mumbai | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 31 (88) | 31 (88) | 33 (91) | 33 (91) | 33 (91) | 32 (90) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 30 (86) | 33 (91) | 33 (91) | 32 (90) | 31 (88) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 16 (61) | 17 (63) | 21 (70) | 24 (75) | 26 (79) | 26 (79) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 21 (70) | 18 (64) | 21 (70) |
| Precipitation In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that is pulled down by gravity and deposited on the Earth's surface. The main forms of precipitation include rain, snow, ice pellets, and graupel. It occurs when the atmosphere, a large gaseous solution, becomes saturated with water vapour and the water mm (inches) | 0.6 (0.024) | 1.5 (0.059) | 0.1 (0.004) | 0.6 (0.024) | 13 (0.51) | 574 (22.6) | 868 (34.17) | 553 (21.77) | 306 (12.05) | 63 (2.48) | 15 (0.59) | 5.6 (0.22) | 2,400.4 (94.504) |
| Source: wunderground.com [8] | |||||||||||||
The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has a station in Thane Thane (also called Thana) is a city in Maharashtra, India, part of the Mumbai Conurbation, northeastern suburb of Mumbai at the head of the Thane Creek. It is the administrative headquarters of Thane District. The city has an area of 147 km2. It had a population of 1.26 million according to the 2001 census Belapur Industry Association (TBIA) premises which daily collects meteorological data.[9] This area has sub-tropical monsoonal climate of humid-perhumid to semi arid and subhumid type. Under the Koppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself notably in 1918 and 1936. Later, German climatologist Rudolf Geiger collaborated with Köppen on changes to the classification, the city has a tropical wet and dry climate. Overall climate is equable with high rainfall days and very few days of extreme temperatures.
Rain on the Palm Beach Junction, Nerul. Navi Mumbai shares rainfall patterns with MumbaiNavi Mumbai temperature varies from 22°C to 36°C. In winter temperature is between 17°C to 20°C while summer temperature ranges from 36°C to 41°C. Out of total rainfall, 80% rainfall is experienced during June to October. Average annual rainfall is 2000–2500 mm and humidity is 61-86 %, making it a humid-perhumid zone. The driest days are in winter while the wettest days experienced in July.
According to the IMD, the predominant wind direction is southwest in monsoon and north-east during rest of the year.[9]
Demographics
As of 2001 2001 was a common year that started on a Monday. In the Gregorian Calendar, it was the 2001st year of the Common Era or the Anno Domini designation. 2001 was also the first year of the Third millennium and of the 21st century as there was no year zero in the Gregorian calendar. However, popular culture views 2000 as holding this distinction India census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses include agriculture, business, and traffic. In,[10] Navi Mumbai had a population of 703,947. Males constitute 56% of the population and females 44%. Navi Mumbai has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 79%, and female literacy is 67%. In Navi Mumbai, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age, with 28% in the age group of up to 15 years, 55% in the age group of 15-44 year bracket and 13% aged 45–59). Average family size is 4.05 persons, compared to Mumbai's average of 4.85.
67% of families living in Navi Mumbai own their homes and of the working population, 63.5% are employed within the city.[11]
A 2000 2000 was a leap year that started on a Saturday, in accordance with the Gregorian Calendar. It was the 2000th year of the Common Era or the Anno Domini designation, and the last year of the 20th century and of the 2nd millennium. It was also the first century leap year since 1600 survey done by the Tata Institute of Social Sciences revealed that 43% of the families currently settled in Navi Mumbai migrated from Mumbai. This percentage has gone up since then. The survey also found that the literacy rate in the city was 96%, that 32% of the total population was working, 67% own their houses and 46% own vehicles. As of 2008 the estimated population is 2,600,000,where Nerul and Vashi stands to be the most populated nodes of the city. [12]
Nerul is the most populated area of Navi Mumbai, with an estimated population of 800,000, followed by Vashi, which has an estimated population of 700,000. The average monthly family income in Navi Mumbai is Rs. 9549/month, compared to Rs. 5000/month in Mumbai. Vashi has the highest monthly income at Rs. 12,349/month, followed by Nerul, at Rs. 11,998/month.[13]
Religion
A view of Nerul Balaji Temple Rajagopuram, NerulNavi Mumbai is a cosmopolitan city and people of different religions live together amicably. The majority of the population is Hindu (86%), followed by Muslims (10%), as well as Christian and Sikh populations. The best example of this is in Brahmagiri, where CIDCO had in a planned way allotted plots to religious activities atop a hill near the west side of the Nerul Railway Station. This area houses a Balaji Temple, a Swaminarayan Swaminarayan (2 April 1781 – 1 June 1830), also known as Sahajanand Swami, is the central figure in a modern form of Hinduism known as the Swaminarayan Faith, a form of Vaishnavism. Venerated as a form of Narayana, from the Nara Narayana deity pair, within the faith, Swaminarayan is also known by the names Ghanshyam Pande, Ghanshyam Maharaj, Temple Complex, an (Mata) Amirtandamayi Temple Complex, a Narayanaguru Temple Complex, a Little Flower Church and an Epworth Methodist Tamil Church. All these religious institutions are well patronised by people not only from Navi Mumbai but also from Mumbai city.
Inside the SIES complex, Nerul (which is situated very close to Mumbai-Pune Expressway) there is a Anjaneyar (Lord Hanuman Hanuman is a Hindu deity, who is an ardent devotee of Rama, a central character in the Indian epic Ramayana. A general among the vanaras, an ape-like race of forest-dwellers, Hanuman is an incarnation of the divine, whose fate it is to aid the hero Rama in the struggle against the demon king Ravana. His exploits are much celebrated in a variety of) Temple, Kamakshi Amman Temple and an Adhisankarar Mandap Temple. The Anjaneyar idol is 10 metres in height and is installed on a pedestal that is 3.6 metre high, bringing the overall height to 13.6 metres. It is made of a single granite stone.
In line with the fast growing population of the Navi Mumbai, the city has now a vast number of religious place for worship, fellowship and service. Various temples have been built in Kharghar. Churches of various denominations has started their regular services at various Nodes. Various cultural events are being orgainsed by the respective associations/religions to commerate the festivals and events.
Language
Navi Mumbai has a Agri and Koli population. The official Marathi Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western and central India. It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra. There are 90 million fluent speakers worldwide. Marathi is the 4th most spoken language in India and the 15th most spoken language in the world. Marathi is the oldest of the regional literatures in language of the state of Maharashtra Maharashtra (Marathi: महाराष्ट्र mahārāṣṭra, IPA [məharaːʂʈrə] ) is a state located in the western part of peninsular India.The word Maharashtra comes from the words Maha meaning Great and Rashtra meaning Nation, thus rendering the name Maharashtra (Great Nation). It is the second most populous and third largest is extensively spoken in most of Navi Mumbai. Business in the municipal corporation is transacted in Marathi. A common language spoken on the city streets is Mumbaiya Hindi or Bambaiya Hindi – a blend of Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: हिन्दी or हिंदी, IAST: Hindī, IPA: [ˈɦɪndiː] ) is the name given to various Indo-Aryan languages, dialects, and language registers spoken in northern and central India, Pakistan, Fiji, Mauritius, and Suriname. Standard Hindi is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India, the official language of the, Urdu Urdu (Urdu: اردو, IPA: [ˈʊrduː] ) is a standardised register of Hindustani. It is the national language and one of the two official languages of Pakistan (the other being English), and one of 22 scheduled languages of India, as an official language of five Indian states. Its vocabulary developed under Persian, Turkic, and Pashto[citation and Marathi language Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western and central India. It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra. There are 90 million fluent speakers worldwide. Marathi is the 4th most spoken language in India and the 15th most spoken language in the world. Marathi is the oldest of the regional literatures in and some invented colloquial words. English is also extensively spoken, and is the working language of the city's white collar workforce since the young working class is increasing on a high percentage.
Education
Main article: Education in Navi MumbaiThere are 11 Engineering Colleges,2 Medical Colleges,3 Architecture and 62 schools. There are 128 primary schools, 80 secondary schools and 25 colleges in NMMC area.[9] Navi Mumbai has become self sufficient in `higher education facilities' - only 4% students go to Mumbai for higher studies.
Transportation
Main article: Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport (NMMT)The most common forms of transportation in Navi Mumbai are the red NMMT buses and suburban trains. NMMT buses are similar to the Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport buses except that they are operated by NMMC. Auto rickshaws and Taxis are also a popular mode of transport. With the Mulund-Airoli link, currently the fastest route to central is via NMMT or the BEST buses to Mulund.
Within each node auto rickshaw is the preferred mode of transportation. Yellow and Black taxicabs operating from designated taxi stands provide the means to travel further to destinations such as Mumbai and Thane. Coolcabs are also available. Taxis charge a fixed rate approved by RTO.
A NMMT Volvo A/C Bus in Vashi Bus Station leaving for CBD Belapur A BEST Bus in Navi Mumbai Nerul Railway Station West Side View.Mumbai's suburban railway network also covers most of the populated region of the city. The most important external railway stations of this region are Vashi, Belapur and Panvel. Soon Nerul would also be an important external railway station when the Thane-Nerul-Uran link starts. The stations are planned as a major railway junction. Most trains plying on the Konkan Railway stop at Panvel so that those passengers destined to reach Mumbai may get the local trains. These trains bypass the island city altogether. Future plans include linking the station to Pune via Karjat to cut travel time between Mumbai and Pune.
A NMMT Bus in Nerul leaving for KhargharThe Thane-Vashi corridor on the Harbour Line of the Central Railway was commissioned on 9 November 2004. The trains ply along an 18.5 km route through Vashi, Sanpada, Turbhe, Kopar Khairane, Ghansoli, Rabale and Airoli, to Thane. Work is underway to lay an additional pair of tracks between Thane and Kurla - the 5th and 6th corridor for a ring railway route: Thane-Kurla-Vashi-Thane. The new broad Gauge Harbour Line is functional between Karjat and Panvel.
BEST buses of the 500 series travel between Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. For example, BEST route 505 starts from the CBD of Navi Mumbai and ends at Bandra in Mumbai, and vice versa. Others routes such as 506, 507, 511, 512 take commuters from Nerul in Navi Mumbai to Mumbai and back.NMMT and BEST AC buses also available to people of Navi Mumbai.
The 10 km long Palm Beach Marg (Marg translates to Road in Marathi) is a six-lane state-of-the-art road that connects Vashi to CBD-Belapur running parallel to the Thane creek. It is a twin of the Marine Drive.
There is growing demand for a new bridge over the Thane Creek from Kopar Khairane to Kannamwar Nagar in Vikroli, Mumbai off the eastern express highway so as to connect the eastern suburbs of Mumbai. This will establish a much desired third bridge linking Mumbai and Navi Mumbai.
Navi Mumbai also boasts the most advanced port in India, Jawaharlal Nehru Port, at Nhava Sheva near Uran. It is well connected with road and railways, and handles approximately 65% of India's container traffic.
Navi Mumbai is located only 30 km away from Chatrapati Shivaji International Airport which currently acts as a International Airport for the city , but things will change up soon when the Navi Mumbai International Airport will come up.
Navi Mumbai International Airport
The new international airport for Navi Mumbai, destined for the Kopra-Panvel area, will be built through public-private partnership (PPP) — with private sector partners having 74% equity and the Airports Authority of India (AAI) and Government of Maharashtra (through City and Industrial Development Corporation or CIDCO) each holding 13%
The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) has already given techno-feasibility clearance to the Navi Mumbai International airport. Central government provided its cabinet approval for the construction of an International Airport at Navi Mumbai on May 31, 2007.[14] Specialised consultants are appointed and global tendering process is underway.[15] The government authorities are still planning up for land acquisition.
As a result of the recent objections being raised by the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests on the current proposed location of the Navi Mumbai International Airport near Kopra Panvel area, apparently because the construction of the airport would involve reclamation of low-lying areas in an ecologically fragile zone as well as destruction of several hectares of mangroves, other locations are being actively being considered, which includes the one off village Nevali near Kalyan, 55 km away from the current airport in Mumbai. There exists an old and abandoned air-strip of World War II era and the Union Defence Ministry owns the 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) of land on which it is located. The proposal is now centred around those 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) of land. If the current location at Kopra Panvel does not go through, then the Kalyan-Newali location would be considered for a future second international airport for the Mumbai Metropolitan region.
Infrastructure
Basic infrastructure worth Rs.40,000 million (US$1.14 billion) is already in place.[16] The National Geographic Channel has declared Navi Mumbai as one of the best cities in the world.[citation needed] The city boasts a reliable supply of electricity from various sources, and excellent motoring conditions, with numerous flyovers, broad roads, and parking lots. The main problem facing the residents is poor connectivity with Mumbai, with only two road links between the two cities and a single rail line. A hovercraft service from Vashi to Colaba and the CBD to Colaba used to exist, but did not succeed due to the high cost of tickets and maintenance.Cidco is planning to relaunch its hovercraft service from Vashi , Belapur , Nerul and Airoli to Gateway of India.
Services
There are adequate utility services, banks, restaurants, malls, multiplexes and other shops in Navi Mumbai. Vashi boasts of a mighty range of malls such as Center One, Palm Beach Galleria, Citi Center, Raghuleela and Inorbit Mall. Palm Beach Road, Nerul and Kharghar are also witnessing the construction of malls and multiplexes. Through Navi Mumbai supermarkets and malls like Apnaa Bazaar, More, Spencer's, Reliance Fresh, Spinach and Fairprice cater to the shopping needs of the residents. Panchali Furniture is one of the oldest and the most reputed Furniture brand of Navi Mumbai. DMart has launched five hypermalls in Navi Mumbai.
Leading banks such as the State Bank of India, Union Bank, Saraswat Bank, Bank of Baroda, Bank of Maharashtra, Bank of Hyderabad, Citibank India, ICICI Bank, and HDFC Bank have their branches and ATMs around Navi Mumbai. The Reserve Bank of India has served the people of Navi Mumbai since 2001.
There are many restaurants in Navi Mumbai. Comparatively Mumbai restaurants are more well-known than their Navi Mumbai counter parts. Navi Mumbai has very few three- and five-star hotels. However, with the completion of the Navi Mumbai International Airport by 2012, nodes like Nerul, Panvel, Kharghar and CBD Belapur are expected to get several five-star luxury hotels.
Commerce
Vashi station complexMost of the software companies in Maharashtra have their offices in Navi Mumbai. The government of Maharashtra has also setup software parks to cater to the growing demand. Many large institutions also have their offices here. The Reliance group of industries have a major presence, and (DAKC) in Kopar Khairane and Mahape. Other prominent companies include CORE Projects & Technologies Ltd, Hexaware Technologies, Mastek, Patni Computer Systems, Intellenet, Hewitt Associates, TCS, Digit magazine, V2Solutions, IRIS Business Services Private Limited, Indiagames, & Carwale most of them in an area called the Millenium Business Park in Mahape. As a part of long-term planning, major commodity markets have begun moving from the heart of Mumbai city to Navi Mumbai. Kalamboli (another node in Navi Mumbai) is home to a major steel market.
Vashi has the fresh fruits and vegetables market. One of the important business landmarks is the shipping port of JNPT (stands for Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust) in Nhava Sheva - Dronagiri node. The major business hubs in the City are CBD Belapur, Vashi, Nerul and Mahape.
Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust is the busiest port in IndiaStock investment is popular in Navi Mumbai, being enabled by companies like Bigbull Investments, Sharekhan, Indiabulls.
The International Infotech Park at Vashi and Belapur railway station complex houses many international IT companies.
The New Millennium City near Mahape forms a major part of the Knowledge Corridor that spans Mumbai and Pune.[17] The head office of Reliance Infocom - Dhirubhai Ambani Knowledge City is situated opposite to Koparkhairane station.
Belapur Railway StationOther IT companies in Navi Mumbai include L&T Infotech, Wipro Ltd, CMC, Tata Consultancy Services, Aptech, Track Mail, ICICI Infotech and PCS, whose offices are on Thane Belapur Road.
The Mukesh Ambani promoted Navi Mumbai Special Economic Zone (SEZ)spread over the main nodes of Dronagiri and Kalamboli are well poised to provided greater commercial growth and employment to the City. Strategically positioned enroute the (proposed) Navi Mumbai Airport, with investment lined up of close to 40,000 crores, this MEga project can be one of the growth accelerators for the city of the 21st Century, Navi Mumbai.
Marathon Group has launched the development of its mini SEZ called NexZone near the site of the proposed airport. This mini SEZ will be specially for the IT/ITES industry and will be an integrated township of residential and commercial buildings, entertainment mall and education institutes. Honda SEIL's Headquarters is located in Nerul MIDC.
Law and order
| This article has been nominated to be checked for its neutrality. Discussion of this nomination can be found on the talk page. (July 2008) |
As the population and prosperity of the city rose through the years, it began to attract more criminal activity. Navi Mumbai's crime count jumped up from 2,763 in 2003 to 3,571 in 2004. One of the main reasons for the spurt in crime is continuous political meddlings in police investigations and the grossly under-staffed police force.
There are very few police chowkies throughout Navi Mumbai with virtually non existent beat chowkies and traffic police. Criminal activities in Navi Mumbai usually include chain snatching, pickpocketing, cellphone snatching. These crimes are mainly confined to sparsely populated areas. Of late, Navi Mumbai has witnessed several vehicle thefts and burglaries involving unoccupied houses. Murder and bank dacoity, arson are rare. Riots and community feuds do take place especially in the Ghansoli area. There have been several instances where mobs of frustrated native villagers have beaten innocent law abiding residents. Nerul is especially plagued by robbery.[18] Accidents on the wide Palm Beach Road caused by reckless truck drivers and motor cars are growing at an alarming pace due to non existent traffic police or security cameras. The absence of street lights on the highway stretch between Belapur and Kharghar also poses a continued danger to motorists.
Shops and housing colonies often hire private security guards, as the police force is often overstretched.[19] Businesses are expected to shut shop by 10pm. The Mumbai underworld has also begun to take notice of the city,[20] targeting the increasingly thriving businesses of cable operators, builders and real estate developers for extortion. On the whole, crime in Navi Mumbai is much lesser than its elder brother Mumbai. Recently Navi Mumbai played a prime suspect in the Ahmedabad serial Blasts.
Sports
The DY Patil International cricket Stadium in NerulCricket is the prevalent sport in the city. Navi Mumbai has its own International Cricket Ground in Nerul called the DY Patil Stadium which hosted 3 IPL T-20 matches and the IPL T-20 Cricket Final. It is said that this stadium is one of the best in India. Football is the second most popular sport with the city clubs playing during the monsoons, when other outdoor sports cannot be played. The FIFA World Cup is one of the most widely watched television events in Mumbai. India's national sport, field hockey, has gone into a sharp decline in the recent years, losing out in terms of popularity to cricket, though many Mumbai players play in the national team.
Navi Mumbai also has olympic size swimming pool at Nerul. CIDCO has proposed two 18 hole golf course academy at Nerul & Kharghar. There are plans to have sports facilities in the proposed 80 hectare Central park being developed in Kharghar. The park is expected to open in mid 2010.
Navi Mumbai Olympics is held every year. The 2008 Olympics had 12 sports and more than 3500 participants.It was won by Vashi Vikings while the runners up were the Nerul Ninjas. The other teams which take part in these Olympics are the KoparKhairane Kings, the Airoli Aces, the Panvel Patriots, the Belapur Blazers, the Kalamboli Knockouts and the Kharghar Knights.
Panorama of CBD BelapurSister cities
Navi Mumbai has many sister cities:
- Caracas, Venezuela.
- Bogotá, Colombia
- Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Damascus, Syria
- Havana, Cuba
- Istanbul, Turkey
- Tehran, Iran
- Jakarta, Indonesia
- Kuwait City, Kuwait
External links
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Navi Mumbai |
- Navi Mumbai travel guide from Wikitravel
- Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation
- NMMT Official Website
- CIDCO - City and Industrial Development Corporation
References
- ^ nmmconline.com: "Land Usage"
- ^ The maker of modern cities
- ^ Navi Mumbai
- ^ The Hindu
- ^ Thesis titled - The Urban Social Pattern of Navi Mumbai, India by Malathi Ananthakrishnan, April, 1998, Blacksburg, Virginia
- ^ Formation of Civic Body
- ^ Zones under NMMC
- ^ "Historical Weather for Delhi, India". Weather Underground. http://www.wunderground.com/NORMS/DisplayIntlNORMS.asp?CityCode=42182&Units=both. Retrieved November 27, 2008.
- ^ a b c "About Navi Mumbai". http://www.nmmconline.com/english/aboutUs/climateShow.php. Retrieved 2008-07-28.
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ Navi Mumbai — pulsating with business activities
- ^ The maker of modern cities
- ^ http://www.cidcoindia.com/UserFiles/File/EXECUTIVE%20SUMMARY-2000.doc
- ^ . http://www.financialexpress.com/news/Navi-Mumbai-Airport-gets-Cabinet-approval/200643/title=Navi Mumbai Airport gets Cabinet approval. Retrieved 2007-06-01.
- ^ "Cidco". Cidcoindia.com. http://cidcoindia.com/cidco/Globalrfp.aspx. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
- ^ Maharashtra IT parks The Recommended New Address For 21st Century Corporate India
- ^ Cidco plans for Navi Mumbai
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ [3]
Categories: 1970s establishments | Cities and towns in Maharashtra | Mumbai | Navi Mumbai | Planned cities in India
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Thu, 24 Jun 2010 19:31:05 GMT+00:00
Hindustan Times The government has been under pressure to introduce this policy after a couple of accidents involving school buses in Navi Mumbai . On August 20, 2009, ... Kids on yellow buses, monitored by police, school transport panels Expressindia.com Attendant, first-aid must in school buses Times of India Maharashtra introduces more stringent safety rules for school buses Daily News & Analysis Central Chronicle - Press Trust of India - The Hindu
unknown
ue, 29 Jun 2010 06:06:24 GM
Gigajob-Job Vacancy: Project Co-ordinator in IN-400701 . Navi Mumbai. .
