Canada The land occupied by Canada was inhabited for millennia by various groups of Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French expeditions explored, and later settled, along the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three became an independent nation in 1867 when three provinces of British North America British North America consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of American independence in 1783 were united to form the new nation. One of these colonies split into two new provinces, three other provinces joined later, and three new provinces were carved from the large interior of the country that was ceded to Canada by the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland[note 7] is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land soon after it formed. Before being part of British North America, the provinces that made up the new nation of Canada were part of the colonies of Canada Canada was the name of the French colony that once stretched along the St. Lawrence River; the other colonies of New France were Acadia, Louisiana and Newfoundland. Canada, the most developed colony of New France, was divided into three districts, each with its own government: Québec, Trois-Rivières, and Montréal. The governor of the district and Acadia Acadia was the name given to lands in a portion of the French colonial empire in northeastern North America that included parts of eastern Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and modern-day New England, stretching as far south as Philadelphia. People living in Acadia, and sometimes former residents and their descendants, are called Acadians in New France New France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River, by Jacques Cartier in 1534, to the cession of New France to Spain and Britain in 1763. At its peak in 1712 (before the Treaty of Utrecht), the territory of New France extended from Newfoundland to the Rocky, which were gradually ceded to Great Britain The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a sovereign state in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1801. It was created by the merger of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England, under the Acts of Union 1707, to create a single kingdom encompassing the whole of the island of Great and the United Kingdom after defeat in several wars. The French France (pronounced /ˈfrænts/ frantss or /ˈfrɑːnts/ frahnts; French pronunciation (help·info): [fʁɑ̃s]), officially the French Republic (French: République française, pronounced: [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a state in Western Europe with several of its overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, influence lived on, as the French language French is a Romance language spoken as a first language by about 136 million people worldwide. Around 190 million people speak French as a second language, and an additional 200 million speak it as an acquired foreign language. French speaking communities are present in 57 countries and territories. Most native speakers of the language live in was common in the initial provinces of Canada, and remains one of the two official languages of the country.

The central expanse of Canada was originally settled by the Hudson's Bay Company The Hudson's Bay Company , abbreviated HBC, is the oldest commercial corporation in North America and one of the oldest in the world. The company was incorporated by British royal charter in 1670 as The Governor and Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson's Bay; it is now domiciled in Canada and has adopted the more common shorter of the Kingdom of England The Kingdom of England was, from 927 to 1707, a sovereign state to the northwest of continental Europe. At its height, the Kingdom of England spanned the southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain and several smaller outlying islands; what today comprises the legal jurisdiction of England and Wales. It had a land border with the Kingdom of, which had a royal monopoly over trade in the region; Rupert's Land Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land", was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that was nominally owned by the Hudson's Bay Company for 200 years from 1670 to 1870, although numerous aboriginal groups lived in the same territory and disputed the sovereignty of the area was named after the company's first director, Prince Rupert of the Rhine Rupert, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria , commonly called Prince Rupert of the Rhine, (17 December 1619 – 29 November 1682), soldier, inventor and amateur artist in mezzotint, was a younger son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine and Elizabeth Stuart, and the nephew of King Charles I of England, who created him Duke of Cumberland and. The North West Company The North West Company was a fur trading business headquartered in Montreal from 1779 to 1821. It competed with increasing success against the Hudson's Bay Company in what was to become Western Canada. With great wealth at stake, tensions between the companies increased to the point where several minor armed skirmishes broke out, and the two later moved into a large portion of the region, and competition and minor hostilities between the two companies forced their merger. The western colony of British Columbia The Colony of British Columbia was a crown colony in British North America from 1858 until 1871. At its creation, it physically constituted approximately half the present day Canadian province of British Columbia, since it did not include the Colony of Vancouver Island, the vast and still largely-uninhabited regions north of the Nass and Finlay was for a time shared with the United States ^ b. English is the de facto language of American government and the sole language spoken at home by 80% of Americans age five and older. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language as Oregon Country The Oregon Country was a predominantly American term referring to a region of the Pacific Northwest of North America. The region was occupied by British and French Canadian fur traders from before 1810, and American settlers from the mid-1830s, with its coastal areas north from the Columbia River frequented by ships from all nations engaged in the, until the border was fixed at the 49th parallel north The 49th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 49 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. French influence on the western regions of Canada was far less than in the east.

Since it was formed, Canada's external borders have changed seven times, and it has grown from four provinces to ten provinces and three territories The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country by area. There are ten provinces and three territories in all. The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces are jurisdictions that receive their power and authority directly from the Constitution Act, 1867, whereas. It has only lost territory in the small border dispute with the Dominion of Newfoundland The Dominion of Newfoundland was a British Dominion from 1907 to 1949. The Dominion of Newfoundland was situated in northeastern North America along the Atlantic coast and comprised the island of Newfoundland and Labrador on the continental mainland. The dominion was self-governing from 1907 to 1934 when it voluntarily gave up self-government and over Labrador Labrador is a distinct, northerly region within the Canadian province of Newfoundland & Labrador. It comprises the mainland portion of the province, separated from the island of Newfoundland by the Strait of Belle Isle. It is the largest and northernmost geographical region in Atlantic Canada, which joined Canada some time later.

Notes

• The Northwest Territories Located in northern Canada, the territory borders Canada's two other territories, Yukon to the west and Nunavut to the east, and three provinces: British Columbia to the southwest, Alberta and Saskatchewan to the south. It has a land area of 1,140,835 square kilometres and a population of 41,464 as of the 2006 census, an increase of 11.0% from 2001 (NWT) have been made up of several districts The vastness of Canada's Northwest Territories meant that for much of its history it was divided into several districts for ease of administration. These territorial divisions were abolished during the territory's most recent contraction in 1999, but one of these, the District of Keewatin The name "Keewatin" comes from Algonquian roots—either kīwēhtin in Cree or giiwedin (ᑮᐌᑎᓐ) in Ojibwe—both of which mean north wind in their respective languages. In Inuktitut, it was called Kivalliq (ᑭᕙᓪᓕᖅ)—a name which persists as the Kivalliq Region in Nunavut, once had a higher status than the other districts. Because of this unique status, it is handled separately from the NWT on this list. In 1905, it was absorbed into the NWT, and no longer had any special status; it was finally dissolved in 1999 when Nunavut Nunavut comprises a major portion of Northern Canada, and most of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, making it the fifth-largest country subdivision in the world. The capital Iqaluit on Baffin Island, in the east, was chosen by the 1995 capital plebiscite. Other major communities include the regional centres of Rankin Inlet and Cambridge Bay was created.
• The maps used on this page, for simplicity, use the modern version of the borders of Labrador Labrador is a distinct, northerly region within the Canadian province of Newfoundland & Labrador. It comprises the mainland portion of the province, separated from the island of Newfoundland by the Strait of Belle Isle. It is the largest and northernmost geographical region in Atlantic Canada. For much of its history, Canada claimed Labrador extended only along the coast (the "Coasts of Labrador"), while Newfoundland claimed the larger area. It is Newfoundland's claim that is used.
• The Arctic Islands were still being explored and discovered throughout Canada's history; apart from the Sverdrup Islands, however, they were all claimed by Canada upon discovery, and to simplify the list the individual discoveries are omitted.

Timeline

July 1, 1867

The Dominion of Canada was formed from three provinces Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed, officially beginning on July 1, 1867, with the new provinces of Ontario and Quebec (until then together comprising the Province of Canada) along with two other British colonies, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, which also became provinces of British North America British North America consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary War and the recognition of American independence in 1783: the Province of Canada The Province of Canada or the United Province of Canada was a British colony in North America from 1841 to 1867. Its formation reflected recommendations made by John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham in the Report on the Affairs of British North America following the Rebellions of 1837, which was split into the provinces of Ontario Ontario is bordered by Manitoba on its west, Hudson Bay on its north, and Quebec on its east, and by five States of the United States to its south : Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania (Lake Erie) and New York. All but a small portion of Ontario's 2,700 km (1,677 mi) border with the United States follow inland waterways: from the west at Lake and Quebec Quebec is the second most populous province, after Ontario. Most inhabitants live in urban areas near the Saint Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec City, the capital. English-speaking communities and English-language institutions are concentrated in the west of the island of Montreal but are also significantly present in the Outaouais, the, and the colonies of New Brunswick New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally bilingual province (English and French) in the federation. The provincial capital is Fredericton. Statistics Canada estimates the provincial population in 2009 to be 750,457; a majority are English-speaking, but there is also a large Francophone minority (33% and Nova Scotia Nova Scotia's economy is traditionally largely resource-based, but has diversified since the middle of the 20th century. Industries such as fishing, mining, forestry and agriculture remain very important and have been joined by tourism, technology, film, music and finance.^[1]

July 15, 1870

The United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland[note 7] is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land ceded most of its remaining land in North America North America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and in the western hemisphere. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southeast by the Caribbean Sea, and on the west by the North Pacific Ocean; South America lies to the southeast to Canada, with Rupert's Land Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land", was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that was nominally owned by the Hudson's Bay Company for 200 years from 1670 to 1870, although numerous aboriginal groups lived in the same territory and disputed the sovereignty of the area and the North-Western Territory The North-Western Territory was a region of British North America until 1870. Named for where it lay in relation to Rupert's Land, the territory at its greatest extent covered what is now Yukon, mainland Northwest Territories, northwestern mainland Nunavut, northwestern Saskatchewan, northern Alberta and northern British Columbia becoming the North-West Territories Located in northern Canada, the territory borders Canada's two other territories, Yukon to the west and Nunavut to the east, and three provinces: British Columbia to the southwest, Alberta and Saskatchewan to the south. It has a land area of 1,140,835 square kilometres and a population of 41,464 as of the 2006 census, an increase of 11.0% from 2001. The Rupert's Land Act 1868 transferred the region to Canada as of 1869, but it was only consummated in 1870 when £300,000 were paid to the Hudson's Bay Company The Hudson's Bay Company , abbreviated HBC, is the oldest commercial corporation in North America and one of the oldest in the world. The company was incorporated by British royal charter in 1670 as The Governor and Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson's Bay; it is now domiciled in Canada and has adopted the more common shorter. At this time, the Manitoba Act took effect, and a small square of the newly acquired region surrounding the city of Winnipeg Winnipeg (pronounced /ˈwɪnɪpɛɡ/ ) is the capital and largest city of Manitoba, Canada, and is the primary municipality in the Winnipeg Capital Region, which is home to more than sixty percent of Manitoba's population. It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America, at the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers (a point now was made the province of Manitoba According to the 2006 Census, the largest ethnic group in Manitoba is English Canadian , but there is a significant Franco-Manitoban minority (148,370) and a growing aboriginal population (192,865, including the Métis). Other important ethnic groups include Germans (216,755 - the second-largest group), Scots (209,170), and the Irish (155,915).^[2][3]

July 20, 1871

The British The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland[note 7] is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land colony The Colony of British Columbia was a crown colony in British North America from 1858 until 1871. At its creation, it physically constituted approximately half the present day Canadian province of British Columbia, since it did not include the Colony of Vancouver Island, the vast and still largely-uninhabited regions north of the Nass and Finlay of British Columbia The capital of British Columbia is Victoria, the fifteenth largest metropolitan region in Canada. The largest city is Vancouver, the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada and the second-largest in the Pacific Northwest. In 2009, British Columbia had an estimated population of 4,419,974 joined Canada as the sixth province.^[4] British Columbia joined the Canadian confederation following the The Great Confederation Debates in the spring of 1870 and the Confederation Negotiations of the following summer and winter.^[5]

July 1, 1873

The British colony of Prince Edward Island Prince Edward Island is a Canadian province consisting of an island of the same name, as well as other islands. The maritime province is the smallest in the nation in both land area and population (excluding the territories). The island has a few other names: "Garden of the Gulf" referring to the pastoral scenery and lush agricultural joined Canada as the seventh province by an Act of Parliament (and, as part of the terms of union, was guaranteed a ferry A ferry is a form of transportation, usually a boat, but sometimes a ship, used to carry (or ferry) primarily passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water. Most ferries operate on regular, frequent, return services. A passenger ferry with many stops, such as in Venice, is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi link, a term which was deleted upon completion of the Confederation Bridge in 1997).^[6]

July 26, 1874

The borders of Ontario Ontario is bordered by Manitoba on its west, Hudson Bay on its north, and Quebec on its east, and by five States of the United States to its south : Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania (Lake Erie) and New York. All but a small portion of Ontario's 2,700 km (1,677 mi) border with the United States follow inland waterways: from the west at Lake were provisionally expanded north and west. When the Province of Canada was formed, its borders were not entirely clear, and Ontario claimed to eventually reach all the way to the Rocky Mountains The Rocky Mountains are a major mountain range in western North America. The North American Rocky Mountains stretch more than 3,000 miles (4,830 km) from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in western Canada, to New Mexico, in the southwestern United States. The range's highest peak is Mount Elbert located in Colorado at 14,440 feet (4,401 and Arctic Ocean The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region, is the smallest, and shallowest of the world's five major oceanic divisions. The International Hydrographic Organization recognizes it as an ocean, although some oceanographers call it the Arctic Mediterranean Sea or simply the Arctic Sea, classifying. With Canada's acquisition of Rupert's Land Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land", was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that was nominally owned by the Hudson's Bay Company for 200 years from 1670 to 1870, although numerous aboriginal groups lived in the same territory and disputed the sovereignty of the area, Ontario was interested in clearly defining its borders, especially since some of the new areas it was interested in were rapidly growing. After the federal government asked Ontario to pay for construction in the new disputed area, the province asked for an elaboration on its limits, and its boundary was moved north to the 51st parallel north.^[7][8]

April 12, 1876

The District of Keewatin was created by the passage of the Keewatin Act on April 12, 1876 in a central separate strip from the North-West Territories, in order to provide government for the growing area north of Manitoba and west of Ontario.^[9][10][11]

September 1, 1880

The United Kingdom ceded its Arctic Islands to Canada, and they were made part of the North-West Territories.^[12]

July 1, 1881

Manitoba's borders were expanded to a larger postage stamp province taking land easterly from the District of Keewatin to the western boundary of Ontario. Since the province's eastern border was defined as the "western boundary of Ontario", the exact definition of which was still unclear, Ontario disputed a portion of the new region.^[13]

May 7, 1886

The southwestern border of the District of Keewatin was adjusted to conform to the boundaries of the new provisional districts of the North-West Territories created in 1882, returning some land to the North-West Territories.^[14] The provisional districts were, the District of Alberta, the District of Athabasca, District of Assiniboia and the District of Saskatchewan, which all remained administrative areas of the North-West Territories unlike the District of Keewatin.^[3]

August 12, 1889

The dispute between Manitoba and Ontario ended as Ontario's borders were finalized in accordance with the Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889, which extended the province west to the Lake of the Woods and north to the Albany River.^[15]

October 2, 1895

Keewatin covered the portion of the North-West Territories north of Manitoba on the mainland, and all islands within Hudson, James, and Ungava Bays. The portion between the District of Keewatin, Ontario, and Hudson Bay was not in a district, and was assigned to the District of Keewatin by an Order of Council. Four additional provisional districts of the North-West Territories were formed, the District of Yukon, the District of Ungava, the District of Mackenzie, and the District of Franklin.^[16][17]

1897

The borders of the District of Keewatin were adjusted.^[18] Southampton Island, Coats Island, Mansel Island, Akimiski Island, and other islands were transferred to Keewatin.

June 13, 1898

Yukon Territory was created from the District of Yukon in the northwestern part of the North-West Territories, and the Quebec Boundary Extension Act, 1898 expanded the borders of Quebec north to the Eastmain River.^[19]

May 23, 1901

The eastern border of Yukon Territory was adjusted to the Peel River, so that the borders would not cross a watershed, and also to include some more islands.^[20]

October 20, 1903

The Alaska boundary dispute is resolved primarily in the favor of the United States.

September 1, 1905

The provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan were created from the North-West Territories. Saskatchewan's western border and Alberta's eastern border run concurrent with the 4th meridian^[A] or the 110°W longitude. Saskatchewan's eastern border is not a meridian, but instead follows a staircase-shaped Dominion Land Survey range line. Alberta's southern and northern borders are the same as Saskatchewan's: the southern border is the Canada – United States border or the 49th parallel and the northern border is the 60th parallel. Alberta's western border runs along peaks of the Rocky Mountain ridge then extends north to the 60th parallel.^{[21][21][22][23]}

1906

The Northwest Territories Act was passed 1906, significantly removing the hyphen from the name of the territory.^[24]

May 15, 1912

Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec were all expanded into their present-day boundaries. The Northwest Territories is now only situated north of the 60th parallel (except Hudson Bay and James Bay islands) with three districts, Keewatin, Mackenzie and Franklin.^[24]

1915

Brock Island, Borden Island, and Mackenzie King Island are discovered and added to the Northwest Territories.

August 1916

Lougheed Island is discovered and annexed to Northwest Territories.

June 13, 1916

Meighen Island is discovered and annexed to Northwest Territories.

1925

The boundaries of the Northwest Territories expand, and they now extend north to the North Pole.^[24]

March 11, 1927

A British Privy Council of 1927 decided the issue of the border between Labrador and Quebec in Labrador's favour, transferring a small portion of land from Canada to the Dominion of Newfoundland.^[25]

November 11, 1930

Sverdrup Islands are ceded to Canada by Norway, in exchange for British recognition of Norway's soveriegnty over Jan Mayen

1948

Air Force Island, Prince Charles Island, and Foley Island are discovered and added to Northwest Territories.

March 31, 1949

The Dominion of Newfoundland and its dependency of Labrador joined as the tenth province, named Newfoundland as proclaimed by the British North America Act 1949.^[26]

April 1, 1999

The territory of Nunavut was created from the Northwest Territories. The provisional districts are no longer administrative areas of the Northwest Territories.^[24]

December 6, 2001

The province of Newfoundland was renamed Newfoundland and Labrador by the Constitution Amendment 2001 (Newfoundland and Labrador).^[27]

April 1, 2003

The name of Yukon Territory became simply Yukon.^[28]

See also

References

1. ^ "The Atlas of Canada - History of Canada – Territorial Evolution". Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. 09-02-06. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/aboutus/100anniversary/carto_exhibit/terr_evo.html. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
2. ^ Hall, David J. (2009). "North-West Territories, 1870-1905". The Canadian Encyclopedia > History > West & Northwest History. Historica Foundation of Canada.. http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0005805. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
3. ^ ^{a b} Moffat, Ben (2006). "Boundaries of Saskatchewan". Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/boundaries_of_saskatchewan.html. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
4. ^ "Maps 1667-1999 - Canadian Confederation". Library and Archives Canada. Government of Canada. 005-05-02. http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/confederation/023001-2101-e.html. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
5. ^ "British Columbia - Canadian Confederation". Library and Archives Canada. Government of Canada. August 9, 2006. http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/confederation/023001-2185-e.html. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
6. ^ Bolger, Francis William Pius (1961). "Prince Edward Island and Confederation 1863-1873" (PDF). St. Dunstan's University, Charlottetwon CCHA Report 28 (1961) 25-30. University of Manitoba. http://www.umanitoba.ca/colleges/st_pauls/ccha/Back%20Issues/CCHA1961/Bolger.pdf. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
7. ^ Mills, David (1877). Report on the Boundaries of the Province of Ontario. Toronto: Hunter, Rose & Co.. p. 347. http://books.google.com/books?id=BlYCAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s.
8. ^ "Territorial Evolution, 1874". Natural Resources Canada > Atlas Home > Explore Our Maps > History > Territorial Evolution > Territorial Evolution, 1874. Government of Canada. March 18, 2009. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1874/1. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
9. ^ "Keewatin". The Daily Free Press. December 1, 1876. p. 1.
10. ^ "Who Named the North-Land?". Manitoba Free Press. August 19, 1876. p. 3.
11. ^ "Keewatin.". Manitoba Free Press. April 1, 1876. p. 1.
12. ^ "The Atlas of Canada - History of Canada – Territorial Evolution 1880". Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. 09-02-06. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1880/1. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
13. ^ "Manitoba's Boundaries". Association of Manitoba Land Surveyors. Archived from the original on 2007-07-22. http://web.archive.org/web/20070722122047/http://www.amls.ca/Manitoba.htm. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
14. ^ Report of the Dominion Fishery Commission on the Fisheries of the Province of Ontario. 1893. p. 36. http://books.google.com/books?id=WDtOAAAAMAAJ&q=may+1886+keewatin&dq=may+1886+keewatin&ei=g59bSoOrE4PYNaX68bUH&client=firefox-a.
15. ^ Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889 on Wikisource
16. ^ The Statesman's Year-Book. 1899. p. 223. http://books.google.com/books?id=XvYb0J0DVB4C&pg=PA223&dq=%22october+2+1895%22+keewatin&lr=&ei=yqVbSo25F4WQNvL5zPsJ&client=firefox-a.
17. ^ "The Atlas of Canada - History of Canada – Territorial Evolution 1895". Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. 09-02-06. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1895/1. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
18. ^ "The Atlas of Canada - History of Canada – Territorial Evolution 1897". Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. 09-02-06. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1897/1. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
19. ^ Coates and Morrison, p.103
20. ^ Yukon Territory Act, S.C. 1901, chap. 41, section 14 ()
21. ^ ^{a b} Thomson, Malcolm M.; Tanner, Richard W. (04/1977). "Canada's Prime Meridian". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 71: 204. 1977JRASC..71..204T.
22. ^ Lewry, Marilyn (2006). "Boundary surveys". The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/boundary_surveys.html. Retrieved January 6, 2009.
23. ^ "The Atlas of Canada - Territorial Evolution, 1905". Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. April 6, 2004. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution/1905/1. Retrieved January 6, 2009.
24. ^ ^{a b c d} "History of the Name of the Northwest Territories - PWNHC". Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. http://pwnhc.learnnet.nt.ca/research/nwtname/. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
25. ^ "Les Dix Grand Mensonges". Henri Dorion discrédite les Dix Grand Mensonges sur la frontière du Labrador (Henri Dorion debunks the Ten Great Myths about the Labrador boundary). Québec—Assemblée Nationale—Première session, 34^e Législature (Quebec—National Assembly—First Session, 34th Legislature). October 1, 1991. http://www.geocities.com/Yosemite/Rapids/3330/constitution/hdfr.htm. Retrieved August 25, 2009.
26. ^ Webb, Jeff A. (January, 2003). "The Commission of Government, 1934-1949: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage". Memorial University of Newfoundland and the C.R.B. Foundation.. http://www.heritage.nf.ca/law/commission_gov.html. Retrieved August 25, 2009.
27. ^ Adrienne Clarkson; Jean Chrétien, Anne McLellan, Brian Tobin (December 6, 2001 (web publication date 1 November 2004)). "Constitution Amendment, 2001 (Newfoundland and Labrador)" (published online by William F. Maton). http://www.solon.org/Constitutions/Canada/English/cap_2001nl.html. Retrieved August 25, 2009.
28. ^ Library and Archives Canada. "Yukon Territory name change to Yukon" (PDF). http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/040006/f2/040006-15-e.pdf. Retrieved July 14, 2009.

Bibliography

• Government of Canada (March 23, 2004). "Territorial Evolution". The Atlas of Canada. Natural Resources Canada. http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/historical/territorialevolution. Retrieved December 7, 2006.
• Ken S. Coates and William R. Morrison (1988). Land of the Midnight Sun: A History of the Yukon. Hurtig Publishers, Edmonton. ISBN 0-88830-331-9

Categories: Provinces and territories of Canada | Territorial evolution | National timelines | History of the Northwest Territories | Districts of the Northwest Territories | Timelines of North American history | Borders of Canada

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